What is an anvil?

An anvil is a fundamental forging tool, historically and typically made of steel, used as a surface upon which to shape metal. It is essentially a block with a hard, flat top surface, the "face," upon which another object is struck.

• Purpose: The primary purpose of an anvil is to provide a solid and robust surface for hammering, bending, and shaping metal. It absorbs the energy of the hammer blow, making the smith's work more efficient.

• Components: Common features of an anvil include:

  • The face: This is the hardened flat top surface where most of the shaping takes place.
  • The horn: A conical projection used for bending and shaping curved pieces.
  • The heel: The opposite end of the horn, sometimes with a flat surface or a cutting table.
  • The hardy hole: A square hole used for holding specialized tools like hardies (cutting tools) and bottom tools.
  • The pritchel hole: A round hole used for punching holes in metal.

• Material: Anvils are traditionally made of forged steel, often with a hardened face to resist wear. Cast iron anvils are less durable and typically used for lighter work. Steel-faced cast iron anvils offer a compromise between cost and durability. Modern anvils may also be made of ductile iron or steel alloys.

• Size and Weight: Anvils come in various sizes and weights, ranging from small bench anvils to very large blacksmithing anvils. The appropriate size depends on the type and scale of work being done. Heavier anvils are generally preferred for heavier work as they absorb more energy.

• Use: The metal to be worked is placed on the face of the anvil and struck with a hammer or other tool. The anvil's mass and hardness provide a solid foundation for shaping the metal.

• Care: Anvils should be kept clean and free of rust. The face should be kept smooth and free of dents. Regular maintenance helps prolong the life of the anvil.

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